Table 1.
Descriptive and cardiometabolic characteristics of the study population by sex.
| All (n=1,841) | Men (n=743) | Women (n=1,098) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 63.55 (9.52) | 64.35 (9.51)* | 62.99 (9.49) |
| Body Mass, kg | 69.65 (14.98) | 74.38 (14.67)* | 66.49 (14.34) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI), kg/m2 | 29.06 (9.55) | 27.88 (4.65) | 29.86 (11.68)* |
| Obesity (BMI>30), % | 37.10 | 28.01 | 43.20* |
| Waist Circumference (WC), cm | 98.09 (12.53) | 99.92 (12.38) | 96.86 (12.49) |
| Abdominal Obesity (Sex-Specific WC), % | 62.30 | 40.70 | 76.70* |
| Grip Strength, kg | 26.28 (8.94) | 32.40 (8.81)* | 22.13 (6.24) |
| Normalized Grip Strength (Relative to Body Mass) | 0.38 (0.12) | 0.44 (0.12)* | 0.34 (0.10) |
| Glycohemoglobin, % | 6.82 (1.87) | 6.67 (1.74) | 6.93 (1.96)* |
| Total Cholesterol, mg/dL | 200.43 (46.31) | 197.40 (47.93) | 202.46 (45.10)* |
| HDL-Cholesterol, mg/dL | 41.16 (10.37) | 39.11 (9.87) | 42.54 (10.46)* |
| Low HDL (<40 mg/dL), % | 47.10 | 56.10* | 41.10 |
| Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, μIU/mL | 2.88 (5.66) | 2.63 (3.18) | 3.05 (6.70) |
| Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, ng/mL | 24.22 (8.63) | 26.20 (9.30)* | 22.90 (7.87) |
| Vitamin D Deficiency (<20 ng/dL), % | 32.20 | 24.50* | 37.30 |
| C-Reactive Protein, mg/dL | 4.26 (7.22) | 3.33 (4.31)* | 4.89 (8.59) |
| High CVD Risk (≥3.0 mg/dL), % | 73.30 | 33.30 | 46.90* |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), mmHg | 138.46 (20.96) | 140.45 (20.67)* | 137.13 (21.06) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), mmHg | 78.89 (11.10) | 80.18 (11.63)* | 78.02 (10.65) |
| Hypertensive (SBP>140 mmHg or DBP>90 mmHg), % | 44.30 | 47.40* | 42.30 |
*
Significant differences between sexes (p<0.05): Denotes as sex with higher risk.
Abbreviations: HDL-High Density Lipoprotein; CVD-Cardiovascular Disease.
Samples sizes varied according to the specific variable.