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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 May 3;105(Pt B):109–144. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.028

Figure 22.

Figure 22

Schematic illustrating the signaling pathways involved in pristine-graphene induced cell apoptosis via ROS mediated MAPK and TGF-beta pathways (mitochondria dependent apoptotic cascades). Adapted from Reference [83] with permission, copyright © Elsevier, 2012.