. 2016 Jul 7;7(3):33. doi: 10.3390/insects7030033

Table 1.

Percentage (mean ± SE) of adult emergence of 4-week old larvae of T. castaneum and T. confusum exposed on the outside and inside surfaces of methoprene-treated bags (0.1% active ingredient). Bioassays were done every two months for 12 months. Emergence of morphologically normal adults in untreated controls of both species was above 95%, data eliminated from analysis ¹.

Species	Month	Outside (%)	Inside (%)
T. castaneum	0	0.0 ± 0.0 ^a,A	5.0 ± 2.2 ^a,B
	2	0.0 ± 0.0 ^a,A	1.7 ± 1.7 ^a,B
	4	3.3 ± 2.1 ^b,B	18.3 ± 3.1 ^a,B
	6	3.3 ± 3.3 ^b,A	66.7 ± 21.8 ^a,A
	8	0.0 ± 0.0 ^b,B	25.0 ± 12.3 ^a,B
	10	0.0 ± 0.0 ^b,A	13.3 ± 4.9 ^a,B
	12	1.7 ± 1.7 ^b,B	70.0 ± 5.8 ^a,B
T. confusum	0	6.7 ± 6.7 ^b,A	41.7 ± 14.7 ^a,A
	2	5.0 ± 2.3 ^b,A	26.7 ± 14.1 ^a,A
	4	20.0 ± 6.3 ^b,A	65.0 ± 4.6 ^a,A
	6	0.0 ± 0.0 ^b,A	81.7 ± 4.0 ^a,A
	8	11.7 ± 4.1 ^b,A	95.0 ± 3.4 ^a,A
	10	5.0 ± 3.4 ^b,A	93.3 ± 4.2 ^a,A
	12	38.3 ± 7.5 ^b,A	83.3 ± 2.1 ^a,A

¹ Means between columns for adult emergence on outside versus inside surface significant when denoted by different lower case letters. Means between each data point for adult emergence of T. castaneum compared to T. confusum at each bi-monthly bioassay on each bag surface are denoted by different capital letters (p < 0.05, PROC t-test, SAS Institute).