Table 2. Demographics and clinical characteristics for the prospective meta-analysis.
| Characteristics | Clinical high risk (n=91) | Healthy controls (n=64) | Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender M/F (%male) | 59/32 (64%) | 33/31 (52%) | χ2=2.22 | P=0.14 |
| Mean age in years (s.d.) | 23.70 (5.11) | 25.50 (4.76) | t=2.24 | P=0.03* |
| Handedness r/l (%left) | 84/7 (8%) | 57/7 (11%) | χ2=0.17 | P=0.68 |
| Years of education (s.d.) | 12.90 (3.00) | 14.89 (2.97) | t=3.87 | P=0.0002* |
| IQ (s.d.) | 108 (15.31) | 112 (14.38) | t=1.76 | P=0.08 |
| Negative cluster (s.d.) | 6.54 (3.17) | 3.00 (0) | t=−10.62 | P<0.0001* |
| Positive cluster (s.d.) | 9.02 (3.52) | 4.00 (0) | t=−13.53 | P<0.0001* |
| GAF (s.d.) | 61.05 (14.83) | 88.08 (4.15) | t=15.19 | P<0.0001* |
| Scanner ZH1/ZH2/BS | 16/15/60 | 5/35/24 | χ2=25.25 | P<0.0001* |
| Antidepressants no/yes | 59/32 | 64/0 | χ2=26.25 | P<0.0001* |
| Antipsychotics no/yes | 84/7 | 64/0 | χ2=3.53 | P=0.06 |
Abbreviations: F, female; GAF, global functioning; IQ, intelligent quotient; l, left; M, male; r, right; *, significant findings.
Positive symptom cluster=either sum of Suspiciousness, Hallucinations, Unusual Thought Content and Conceptual Disorganisation (BPRS9, BPRS10, BPRS11, BPRS15 in Basel and PANSS P2, PANSS P3, PANSS P6, PANSS G9 in Zurich).
Negative symptom cluster=either sum of Blunted Affect, Emotional Withdrawal and Motor Retardation (BPRS16, BPRS17, BPRS18 in Basel and PANSS N1, PANSS N2, PANSS G7 in Zurich).