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Metformin attenuates activation of VEGF signaling in the development of DR. The phosphorylation of VEGFR2 (pVEGFR2), which represents the activation of VEGF signaling, was analyzed by Western blot. A: Representative Western blot images. B: Quantification for total VEGFR2. C: Quantification for pVEGF2. *p<0.05. NS: non-significant. N=10.
