Figure 5. Genome copy numbers of viruses upon silencing of core JAK/STAT pathway gene: BtHop.

(A) IAPV: The injection of IAPV causes extremely high and fast mortality, therefore, we used feeding as the inoculation method. IAPV was firstly ingested by fixed age adult bees, and then after five days later, dsRNA were injected to silence BtHop. DsGFP and ES (Elution buffer) were included as the controls. Subsequently, post four days injection of dsRNA, genome copy number of IAPV was measured. (B) SBPV: dsRNA were firstly injected to silence BtHop in age fixed adult bees. After two days later, we injected SBPV to infect bumblebees. Subsequently, post two and three days injection of dsRNA, genome copy number of SBPV was measured. At least 8 biological replicates were included in each treatment. The means of each genome copy number were represented based on Log₁₀ transformation and each bar errors were represented by standard error of mean. Different letters represent statistical significant difference of mean (p < 0.05).