Table 1. REGARDS baseline participant characteristics by quartiles (Q) of diet pattern scores (N = 22,041).
| Dietary pattern | Quartile of dietary pattern | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | p Values1 | ||
| Convenience | Age, mean (SD) | 67.4 (9.2) | 65.6 (9.1) | 64.6 (9.1) | 62.4 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 35.4 | 39.2 | 47.9 | 54.6 | <0.001 | |
| Black (%) | 45.6 | 36.9 | 27.4 | 22.9 | <0.001 | |
| ≤High school (%) | 14.4 | 9.7 | 7.5 | 7.8 | <0.001 | |
| ≤$20,000 Annual family income (%) | 20.9 | 16.4 | 13.6 | 13.3 | <0.001 | |
| Residence in the Stroke Belt (%) | 61.6 | 57.4 | 55.5 | 50.7 | <0.001 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 13.5 | 13.9 | 12.8 | 14.7 | <0.001 | |
| Heavy alcohol use (%) | 2.5 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 5.9 | <0.001 | |
| No physical activity (%) | 34.1 | 33.2 | 31.9 | 33.6 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 23.1 | 21.2 | 19.0 | 19.1 | <0.001 | |
| Obesity (%) | 52.3 | 51.4 | 50.6 | 53.3 | 0.03 | |
| Plant based | Age, mean (SD) | 62.8 (9.0) | 65.3 (9.4) | 65.9 (9.1) | 65.9 (9.2) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 53.2 | 45.4 | 41.4 | 37.2 | <0.001 | |
| Black (%) | 27.2 | 33.8 | 34.3 | 37.5 | <0.001 | |
| ≤High school (%) | 10.6 | 10.6 | 9.7 | 8.5 | <0.001 | |
| ≤$20,000 Annual family income (%) | 16.4 | 15.9 | 16.0 | 15.8 | 0.02 | |
| Residence in the Stroke Belt (%) | 55.6 | 58.4 | 56.0 | 55.2 | 0.004 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 23.3 | 14.2 | 9.9 | 7.6 | <0.001 | |
| Heavy alcohol use (%) | 8.4 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 2.5 | <0.001 | |
| No physical activity (%) | 40.5 | 35.0 | 30.6 | 26.8 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 17.7 | 21.1 | 21.7 | 21.8 | <0.001 | |
| Obesity (%) | 52.1 | 53.1 | 51.0 | 51.4 | 0.1 | |
| Sweets/fats | Age, mean (SD) | 64.4 (8.9) | 65.5 (9.3) | 65.4 (9.4) | 64.6 (9.4) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 37.9 | 41.8 | 47.4 | 50.1 | <0.001 | |
| Black (%) | 44.4 | 32.7 | 28.1 | 27.5 | <0.001 | |
| ≤High school (%) | 9.9 | 9.3 | 8.8 | 11.3 | <0.001 | |
| ≤$20,000 Annual family income (%) | 16.3 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 17.6 | <0.001 | |
| Residence in the Stroke Belt (%) | 53.2 | 54.9 | 56.1 | 60.9 | <0.001 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 12.5 | 12.0 | 13.5 | 17.0 | <0.001 | |
| Heavy alcohol use (%) | 9.0 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 1.9 | <0.001 | |
| No physical activity (%) | 31.0 | 32.2 | 33.1 | 36.5 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 23.7 | 22.1 | 19.6 | 17.0 | <0.001 | |
| Obesity (%) | 54.4 | 51.9 | 50.6 | 50.8 | <0.001 | |
| Southern | Age, mean (SD) | 65.1 (9.4) | 65.3 (9.3) | 65.6 (9.3) | 63.9 (9.0) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 37.4 | 39.3 | 45.9 | 54.6 | <0.001 | |
| Black (%) | 9.4 | 23.9 | 39.9 | 59.6 | <0.001 | |
| ≤High school (%) | 4.4 | 6.7 | 10.7 | 17.4 | <0.001 | |
| ≤$20,000 Annual family income (%) | 9.1 | 12.8 | 17.8 | 24.4 | <0.001 | |
| Residence in the Stroke Belt (%) | 48.4 | 53.7 | 59.1 | 64.1 | <0.001 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 8.3 | 11.0 | 14.8 | 20.9 | <0.001 | |
| Heavy alcohol use (%) | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 5.5 | <0.001 | |
| No physical activity (%) | 28.1 | 33.4 | 34.7 | 36.6 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 13.3 | 18.7 | 22.3 | 28.1 | <0.001 | |
| Obesity (%) | 40.8 | 50.1 | 55.1 | 61.6 | <0.001 | |
| Alcohol/salads | Age, mean (SD) | 66.4 (9.6) | 65.3 (9.3) | 64.7 (9.1) | 63.6 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 36.2 | 40.4 | 47.7 | 52.9 | <0.001 | |
| Black (%) | 49.8 | 37.6 | 26.2 | 19.1 | <0.001 | |
| ≤High school (%) | 16.0 | 10.9 | 7.3 | 5.1 | <0.001 | |
| ≤$20,000 Annual family income (%) | 25.8 | 17.4 | 12.9 | 8.1 | <0.001 | |
| Residence in the Stroke Belt (%) | 58.9 | 59.2 | 56.3 | 50.8 | <0.001 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 11.5 | 13.3 | 15.0 | 15.2 | <0.001 | |
| Heavy alcohol use (%) | 0.5 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 12.2 | <0.001 | |
| No physical activity (%) | 36.9 | 34.6 | 32.2 | 29.1 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 22.6 | 21.7 | 20.1 | 18.0 | <0.001 | |
| Obesity (%) | 53.3 | 52.6 | 50.6 | 51.1 | 0.02 | |
1
Significance determined using χ2 test or ANOVA. SD, standard deviation; %, presented as column percentages.