Table 2. Hazard ratios* (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between diet patterns and cancer mortality.
| Dietary pattern | Quartile of dietary pattern | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | p Valuetrend* | ||
| Convenience | Events | 255 | 226 | 213 | 179 | |
| Crude | – | 0.87 (0.72–1.04) | 0.80 (0.67–0.96) | 0.66 (0.54–0.79) | <0.001 | |
| Model 1 | – | 0.99 (0.83–1.19) | 0.95 (0.79–1.15) | 0.87 (0.71–1.07) | 0.5 | |
| Model 2 | – | 0.97 (0.80–1.16) | 0.93 (0.76–1.12) | 0.83 (0.68–1.02) | 0.4 | |
| Model 3 | – | 0.90 (0.74–1.10) | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 0.79 (0.64–0.98) | 0.2 | |
| Plant based | Events | 256 | 220 | 211 | 186 | |
| Crude | – | 0.86 (0.72–1.03) | 0.81 (0.68–0.98) | 0.72 (0.59–0.86) | 0.005 | |
| Model 1 | – | 0.75 (0.63–0.90) | 0.72 (0.60–0.87) | 0.65 (0.53–0.79) | <0.001 | |
| Model 2 | – | 0.83 (0.69–1.00) | 0.86 (0.71–1.04) | 0.82 (0.67–1.01) | 0.2 | |
| Model 3 | – | 0.81 (0.66–0.98) | 0.88 (0.72–1.08) | 0.80 (0.65–0.99) | 0.03 | |
| Sweets/fats | Events | 206 | 215 | 227 | 225 | |
| Crude | – | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 1.09 (0.91–1.32) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) | 0.7 | |
| Model 1 | – | 0.95 (0.79–1.15) | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 0.98 (0.81–1.18) | 1.0 | |
| Model 2 | – | 1.01 (0.83–1.24) | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | 0.98 (0.80–1.20) | 1.0 | |
| Model 3 | – | 0.99 (0.80–1.22) | 0.99 (0.81–1.22) | 0.97 (0.78–1.20) | 1.0 | |
| Southern | Events | 146 | 200 | 242 | 285 | |
| Crude | – | 1.40 (1.13–1.74) | 1.73 (1.41–2.12) | 2.10 (1.71–2.55) | <0.001 | |
| Model 1 | – | 1.35 (1.09–1.68) | 1.53 (1.23–1.89) | 1.88 (1.51–2.35) | 0.006 | |
| Model 2 | – | 1.29 (1.03–1.61) | 1.46 (1.18–1.82) | 1.67 (1.32–2.10) | 0.03 | |
| Model 3 | – | 1.35 (1.07–1.70) | 1.51 (1.20–1.90) | 1.75 (1.38–2.23) | <0.001 | |
| Alcohol/salads | Events | 206 | 232 | 239 | 196 | |
| Crude | – | 1.12 (0.92–1.35) | 1.14 (0.94–1.37) | 0.91 (0.75–1.11) | 0.08 | |
| Model 1 | – | 1.28 (1.06–1.54) | 1.39 (1.15–1.69) | 1.26 (1.03–1.55) | 0.007 | |
| Model 2 | – | 1.23 (1.02–1.50) | 1.22 (1.00–1.49) | 1.01 (0.80–1.26) | 0.05 | |
| Model 3 | – | 1.20 (0.98–1.47) | 1.21 (0.98–1.49) | 1.03 (0.82–1.30) | 0.1 | |
Bold indicates statistically significant at α ≤ 0.05 and α ≤ 0.10 for interaction.
There were 873 cancer deaths among 22,041 REGARDS participants.
Model 1 adjusted for sociodemographics (i.e., age, sex, race, education, income and region).
Model 2 is additionally adjusted for health behaviors (i.e., smoking status, alcohol use and physical activity).
Model 3 is additionally adjusted for chronic medical conditions (i.e., chronic lung disease, coronary artery disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, myocardial infarction, obesity, peripheral artery disease and stroke).
*
Estimated using Cox proportional hazards model.
(–) Q1 is reference group.