Table 3. Statistically significant associations of clinical and pathological variables with disease-specific survival from first transformation.

Variable/Level	n	Univariate analysis*		Multivariate analysis†
		Median survival (months)	P value	HR (95%CI)	p value
Age at transformation
≤60 years	19	61	0.01	1.00 (ref)
>60 years	32	25		5.61 (1.17–26.8)	0.03
Stage at transformation
I	11	44	0.049	1.00 (ref)
II-IV	40	25		2.56 (0.56–11.78)	0.23
Serum LDH at transformation
Normal (≤220)	27	53	0.007	1.00 (ref)
Elevated (>220)	17	24		1.96 (0.70–5.50)	0.20
Cell density in skin biopsy at transformation‡
Low	4	26	0.02
Moderate	22	42
High	16	24
Follicular mucin at transformation‡
No	31	42	0.007
Yes	5	24
Fibrosis at transformation
No	8	21	0.03	1.00 (ref)
Yes	33	42		0.30 (0.09–0.97)	0.045
Site of predominant CD30 staining of neoplastic lymphocytes‡
Epidermal	4	11	0.02
Dermal	34	42

Clinicopathological variables that did not show statistically significant associations with survival are not shown.

^*Median survival and p values (from Mantel–Cox log rank test of survival distributions) estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

^†Hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals for hazard ratio) and p values derived from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.

^‡Inclusion of these variables (each of which had ≤5 patients in one level) resulted in unstable multivariate models. Therefore, they were excluded from the final multivariate model which is shown.