Table 6.
Risk of renal events in a 1:1 propensity matched cohort of new PPI users (173,321) and a control group (n=173,321)
| Outcome | Control (n=173,321) | PPI (n=173,321) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Incident eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | Number (%) | 35,759 (20.63) | 48,171 (27.79) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 5105.97 (5053.05 to 5158.90) | 7241.27 (7176.61 to 7305.93) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.57 (1.54 to 1.60) | |
| Incident CKD | Number (%) | 17,426 (10.05) | 26,193 (15.11) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 2359.99 (2323.96 to 2394.01) | 3683.12 (3638.52 to 3727.72) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.81 (1.76 to 1.86) | |
| Doubling of serum creatinine | Number (%) | 6,039 (3.48) | 10,766 (6.21) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 770.38 (750.95 to 789.81) | 1387.02 (1360.81 to 1413.22) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.86 (1.80 to 1.93) | |
| >30% decline in eGFR | Number (%) | 31,781 (18.34) | 43,842 (25.30) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 4255.67 (4208.88 to 4302.46) | 6170.27 (6112.51 to 6228.03) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.67 (1.64 to 1.70) | |
| ESRD | Number (%) | 219 (0.13) | 329 (0.19) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 27.60 (23.94 to 31.25) | 41.25 (36.79 to 45.70) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.61 (1.26 to 2.04) | |
| ESRD or >50% decline in eGFR | Number (%) | 7,410 (4.28) | 12,952 (7.47) |
| Incident rate (95% CI) | 949.13 (927.52 to 970.74) | 1679.40 (1650.48 to 1708.32) | |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.0 | 1.83 (1.77 to 1.89) | |
Incident rate as incident per 100,000 person-years.
HRs were obtained from Cox models adjusted for baseline eGFR, age, race, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung disease, hepatitis C, HIV, dementia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding, ulcer disease, H. pylori infection, Barrett esophagus, achalasia, stricture, and esophageal adenocarcinoma.