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. 2016 May 27;2(5):685–700. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.05.010

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Alcohol-induced accumulation of acrolein adducts does not induce UPR adaptive responses in mice livers. (A) GRP78 and GRP94 mRNA levels. Means ± SEM, n = 6 mice. *P < .05 and **P < .01 compared with control by the Student t test. (B) GRP78 and GRP94 protein levels. (C) Protein levels of ATF6 and cleaved/active ATF6, phospho-IRE1, and total IRE1. (D) XBP1 splicing by semiquantitative end point reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. (E) Protein levels of XBP1s and XBP1u. (B, C, and E) Numbers represent mean densitometry ratios normalized to corresponding control proteins (β-actin or total IRE1). C, control; E, alcohol.