Table 4.
Mean values ± standard deviations (SD) of haematology parameters in male and female Wistar Han RCC rats at 3, 6 and 12 months
Parameter | Males | Females | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control1 | Conv. 22 | 11 % GMO3 | 33 % GMO4 | Control5 | Conv. 26 | 11 % GMO7 | 33 % GMO8 | |
At 3 months | ||||||||
WBC (103/μl) | 7.16 ± 0.83 | 6.44 ± 0.94 | 8.24 ± 1.89 | 7.71 ± 1.39 | 5.16 ± 1.45 | 6.65 ± 1.23 | 5.65 ± 1.58 | 6.71 ± 1.39 |
RBC (106/μl) | 8.12 ± 0.22 | 8.26 ± 0.34 | 7.98 ± 0.51 | 8.14 ± 0.39 | 7.71 ± 0.24 | 8.07 ± 0.25 | 7.27 ± 0.43 | 7.41 ± 0.43 |
HGB (g/dl) | 16.09 ± 0.34 | 15.94 ± 0.72 | 16.05 ± 0.62 | 16.12 ± 0.74 | 15.15 ± 0.93 | 15.64 ± 0.38 | 14.83 ± 0.97 | 14.99 ± 0.81 |
HCT (%) | 44.90 ± 1.17 | 45.11 ± 2.40 | 43.87 ± 2.85 | 45.25 ± 2.37 | 43.72 ± 1.46 | 45.04 ± 1.09 | 41.69 ± 2.40 | 41.71 ± 1.97 |
MCV (fl) | 55.32 ± 0.89 | 54.64 ± 1.47 | 54.91 ± 0.65 | 55.68 ± 1.03 | 56.74 ± 1.16 | 55.84 ± 1.28 | 57.39 ± 0.39 | 56.34 ± 0.95 |
MCH (pg) | 19.86 ± 0.44 | 19.32 ± 0.41 | 20.17 ± 1.07 | 19.85 ± 0.36 | 18.20 ± 4.24 | 19.39 ± 0.56 | 20.42 ± 0.75 | 20.26 ± 0.27 |
MCHC (g/dl) | 35.94 ± 0.48 | 35.35 ± 0.39 | 36.79 ± 2.30 | 35.64 ± 0.43 | 31.93 ± 7.30 | 34.73 ± 0.51 | 35.59 ± 1.12 | 35.95 ± 0.34 |
PLT (103/μl) | 678.00 ± 140.75 | 717.70 ± 34.10 | 766.90 ± 112.28 | 748.60 ± 143.33 | 699.40 ± 203.54 | 723.70 ± 99.60 | 656.50 ± 110.51 | 655.70 ± 114.11 |
LYM (103/µl) | 4.93 ± 0.82 | 4.42 ± 0.68 | 5.87 ± 1.33 | 5.95 ± 1.30 | 3.31 ± 0.84 | 4.40 ± 0.78 | 3.76 ± 1.01 | 4.42 ± 1.04 |
Lymphocytes (%) | 71.00 ± 4.51 | 68.10 ± 5.39 | 70.80 ± 4.83 | 73.70 ± 3.51 | 70.45 ± 4.01 | 67.65 ± 4.79 | 69.85 ± 3.26 | 69.35 ± 6.89 |
Neutrophils (%) | 23.90 ± 4.21 | 26.00 ± 3.81 | 23.85 ± 5.36 | 21.70 ± 2.72 | 25.00 ± 4.05 | 26.55 ± 4.02 | 24.60 ± 2.58 | 24.60 ± 6.09 |
Monocytes (%) | 2.75 ± 0.64 | 4.10 ± 3.16 | 2.25 ± 0.59 | 3.05 ± 1.02 | 2.65 ± 0.63 | 3.20 ± 0.45 | 2.75 ± 0.61 | 2.35 ± 0.84 |
Eosinophils (%) | 2.35 ± 0.89 | 1.80 ± 0.97 | 3.10 ± 1.59 | 1.55 ± 0.48 | 1.85 ± 0.52 | 2.55 ± 1.14 | 2.80 ± 0.93 | 3.65 ± 0.96a,c |
Basophils (%) | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.11 | 0.05 ± 0.11 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.11 |
At 6 months | ||||||||
WBC (103/μl) | 7.06 ± 0.57 | 8.44 ± 2.09 | 8.48 ± 0.63b,c | 9.10 ± 1.49c | 6.06 ± 1.36 | 7.85 ± 0.87b | 7.05 ± 1.44 | 7.02 ± 1.00 |
RBC (106/μl) | 8.34 ± 0.18 | 8.28 ± 0.16 | 8.07 ± 0.20 | 8.21 ± 0.25 | 7.69 ± 0.23 | 7.72 ± 0.42 | 7.36 ± 0.25 | 7.56 ± 0.44 |
HGB (g/dl) | 16.13 ± 0.54 | 15.83 ± 0.46 | 15.39 ± 0.55 | 15.94 ± 0.52 | 15.55 ± 0.27 | 15.29 ± 0.50 | 15.23 ± 0.37 | 15.40 ± 0.65 |
HCT (%) | 46.29 ± 1.29 | 45.62 ± 1.40 | 44.49 ± 1.41 | 45.48 ± 1.30 | 44.85 ± 0.95 | 44.16 ± 1.67 | 43.23 ± 1.10 | 43.69 ± 1.93 |
MCV (fl) | 55.53 ± 1.26 | 55.10 ± 1.31 | 55.11 ± 0.57 | 55.47 ± 0.79 | 58.37 ± 1.14 | 57.27 ± 1.58 | 58.78 ± 0.70 | 57.81 ± 1.26 |
MCH (pg) | 19.36 ± 0.59 | 19.12 ± 0.51 | 19.06 ± 0.37 | 19.47 ± 0.32 | 20.25 ± 0.66 | 19.84 ± 0.90 | 20.71 ± 0.31 | 20.42 ± 0.51 |
MCHC (g/dl) | 34.85 ± 0.37 | 34.71 ± 0.51 | 34.60 ± 0.44 | 35.08 ± 0.33 | 34.69 ± 0.53 | 34.63 ± 0.71 | 35.24 ± 0.40 | 35.31 ± 0.36 |
PLT (103/μl) | 749.10 ± 52.24 | 785.90 ± 139.31 | 782.60 ± 147.63 | 629.80 ± 112.45 | 730.40 ± 78.00 | 798.60 ± 47.15 | 733.40 ± 75.11 | 732.00 ± 110.25 |
LYM (103/µl) | 5.55 ± 1.06 | 5.95 ± 1.70 | 6.74 ± 1.23 | 7.10 ± 1.89 | 3.87 ± 0.63 | 4.67 ± 0.78 | 4.65 ± 0.90 | 4.85 ± 0.69 |
Lymphocytes (%) | 69.35 ± 4.16 | 63.60 ± 5.54 | 64.65 ± 4.70 | 65.20 ± 4.28 | 71.45 ± 5.90 | 64.25 ± 6.56 | 72.15 ± 4.95 | 77.85 ± 2.78 |
Neutrophils (%) | 25.40 ± 3.99 | 31.85 ± 6.57 | 29.25 ± 4.27 | 30.45 ± 3.64 | 24.45 ± 5.83 | 30.55 ± 6.47 | 23.35 ± 5.01 | 18.95 ± 2.87 |
Monocytes (%) | 2.75 ± 0.98 | 3.05 ± 0.82 | 4.00 ± 0.94 | 2.45 ± 0.65 | 1.90 ± 0.60 | 2.50 ± 0.64 | 2.45 ± 0.54 | 2.00 ± 0.61 |
Eosinophils (%) | 2.45 ± 0.86 | 1.50 ± 0.83 | 2.10 ± 0.22 | 1.90 ± 0.72 | 2.20 ± 0.27 | 2.70 ± 0.80 | 2.05 ± 0.65 | 1.20 ± 0.57b,c |
Basophils (%) | 0.05 ± 0.11 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
Parameter | Males | Females | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control1 | Conv. 22 | 11 % GMO3 | 33 % GMO4 | Control5 | Conv. 26 | 11 % GMO7 | 33 % GMO8 | ||
At 12 months | |||||||||
WBC (103/μl) | 9.10 ± 1.18 | 8.06 ± 1.32 | 9.41 ± 2.26 | 8.88 ± 1.32 | 6.76 ± 1.50 | 7.02 ± 2.29 | 6.15 ± 1.54 | 6.73 ± 1.25 | |
RBC (106/μl) | 8.41 ± 0.26 | 8.37 ± 0.21 | 8.30 ± 0.33 | 8.33 ± 0.51 | 7.55 ± 0.39 | 7.69 ± 0.37 | 7.43 ± 0.22 | 7.54 ± 0.19 | |
HGB (g/dl) | 16.59 ± 0.46 | 16.34 ± 0.92 | 16.42 ± 0.55 | 16.43 ± 0.33 | 15.93 ± 0.39 | 15.91 ± 0.39 | 15.90 ± 0.30 | 15.98 ± 0.45 | |
HCT (%) | 46.99 ± 1.49 | 46.82 ± 1.40 | 45.87 ± 1.63 | 45.71 ± 2.33 | 43.62 ± 2.11 | 44.01 ± 1.26 | 43.39 ± 1.12 | 43.59 ± 1.07 | |
MCV (fl) | 55.89 ± 1.32 | 55.99 ± 1.50 | 55.32 ± 1.04 | 55.01 ± 1.78 | 57.79 ± 0.94 | 57.33 ± 1.86 | 58.46 ± 0.79 | 57.80 ± 0.97 | |
MCH (pg) | 19.74 ± 0.64 | 19.54 ± 0.95 | 19.82 ± 0.71 | 19.85 ± 1.48 | 21.17 ± 1.07 | 20.75 ± 0.86 | 21.43 ± 0.51 | 21.18 ± 0.39 | |
MCHC (g/dl) | 35.30 ± 0.54 | 34.93 ± 2.14 | 35.84 ± 0.71 | 36.08 ± 2.48 | 36.62 ± 1.83 | 36.18 ± 0.54 | 36.66 ± 0.66 | 36.67 ± 0.39 | |
PLT (103/μl) | 715.80 ± 139.47 | 760.30 ± 119.31 | 781.00 ± 124.22 | 746.10 ± 105.94 | 748.65 ± 107.91 | 792.40 ± 137.52 | 726.60 ± 133.61 | 773.25 ± 113.78 | |
LYM (103/µl) | 6.03 ± 1.18 | 5.55 ± 1.43 | 6.68 ± 1.87 | 6.37 ± 0.82 | 4.43 ± 1.08 | 4.75 ± 1.45 | 4.23 ± 0.89 | 4.66 ± 0.81 | |
Lymphocytes (%) | 63.60 ± 4.73 | 63.80 ± 7.83 | 63.00 ± 3.46 | 64.88 ± 4.66 | 66.43 ± 6.12 | 64.40 ± 5.99 | 64.35 ± 5.94 | 65.60 ± 3.17 | |
Neutrophils (%) | 31.33 ± 4.42 | 30.13 ± 7.10 | 30.35 ± 3.44 | 29.20 ± 4.82 | 27.18 ± 6.64 | 31.08 ± 5.97 | 31.13 ± 5.08 | 29.30 ± 3.15 | |
Monocytes (%) | 3.48 ± 0.74 | 3.25 ± 0.59 | 3.98 ± 0.90 | 3.65 ± 0.75 | 3.20 ± 0.65 | 2.68 ± 1.39 | 2.88 ± 1.17 | 2.98 ± 1.04 | |
Eosinophils (%) | 1.60 ± 0.56 | 2.83 ± 1.50a,c | 2.65 ± 0.49b,c | 2.28 ± 1.02 | 3.20 ± 1.35 | 1.83 ± 1.09a,c | 1.65 ± 0.92a,c | 2.13 ± 1.03 | |
Basophils (%) | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.08 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.08 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
WBC white blood cells, RBC red blood cells, HGB haemoglobin, HCT haematocrit, MCV mean cell volume, MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin, MCHC mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, PLT platelets, LYM lymphocytes
19, 10 and 20 (19 in the case of LYM) male rats fed the diet containing 33 % near-isogenic non-GM maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
210, 10 and 20 male rats fed the diet containing 33 % conventional 2 maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
310, 10 and 20 male rats fed the diet containing 11 % GMO maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
49, 10 and 19 male rats fed the diet containing 33 % GMO maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
510, 10 and 19 female rats fed the diet containing 33 % near-isogenic non-GM maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
610, 10 and 20 female rats fed the diet containing 33 % conventional 2 maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
710, 10 and 19 (18 in the case of PLT) female rats fed the diet containing 11 % GMO maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
810, 10 and 20 (18 in the case of PLT) female rats fed the diet containing 33 % GMO maize for 3, 6 or 12 months, respectively, were analysed
aStatistically significant difference to control group based on one-way ANOVA, post hoc t test (p < 0.05) and post hoc Dunnett test (p < 0.05)
(a)Statistically significant difference to control group (p < 0.05) based on one-way ANOVA and post hoc t test, post hoc Dunnett test not significant
bStatistically significant difference to control group (p < 0.05) based on Wilcoxon test
cStatistically significant difference to control group based on 95 % confidence interval of the SES