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. 2016 Jul 20;90(10):2531–2562. doi: 10.1007/s00204-016-1798-4

Table 7.

Urinalysis data of female rats fed the control, conventional 2, 11 % GMO or 33 % GMO diet for 3, 6 and 12 months

Point in time (months) Number of animals Protein (g/L) Ketones (mmol/L) Leucocytes (leucocytes/µL) Erythrocytes (erythrocytes/µL) pH
0 0.25 0.75 1.5 0 0.5 1.5 5 0 25 100 500 0 10 25 50 250 5 6 6.5 7 8
Control
 3 10 10 0 0 0 2 3 5 0 9 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 2 3 5 0 0
 6 10 10 0 0 0 6 3 1 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 1 0
 12 9 8 1 0 0 2 1 6 0 3 3 3 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 0 0
Conv. 2
 3 10 9 1 0 0 3 4 3 0 8 2 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 3 0
 6 10 9 0 0 1 4 6 0 0 7 2 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 3 0
 12 10 8 2 0 0 7 1 2 0 7 1 2 0 10 0 0 0 0 2 5 1 2 0
11 % GMO
 3 10 10 0 0 0 3 5 2 0 9 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 5 2 3 0 0
 6 10 10 0 0 0 8 0 2 0 9 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 1 8 1 0 0
 12 10 7 3 0 0 3 3 4 0 6 1 1 2 9 0 0 0 1 4 4 0 2 0
33 % GMO
 3 10 9 1 0 0 3 3 4 0 9 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0
 6 10 9 1 0 0 4 1 5 0 5 2 3 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 7 3 0 0
 12 10 7 1 2 0 3 2 5 0 5 3 1 1 9 0 0 1 0 4 5 1 0 0
Point in time (months) Number of animals Osmolality (mOsm/kg H2O)
Control
 3 10 484.5 ± 120.2
 6 10 432.0 ± 105.6
 12 9 588.6 ± 142.9
Conv. 2
 3 10 402.6 ± 190.9
 6 10 478.9 ± 206.7
 12 10 465.0 ± 219.5
11 % GMO
 3 10 444.1 ± 220.0
 6 10 463.2 ± 137.7
 12 10 604.3 ± 211.8
33 % GMO
 3 10 488.4 ± 274.8
 6 10 540.0 ± 269.8
 12 10 589.9 ± 213.9

Glucose, bilirubin, urobilinogen and nitrate were negative in all analysed urine samples