Table 3.
Estimated HIV transmission risk as outcome
| HIV transmission risk | Univariate models | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Characteristics | Level | Estimate (95% CI) | p |
| Time (quarter) | −0.10 (−0.16, −0.04) | 0.0012 | |
| General health | −0.19 (−0.37, −0.01) | 0.0387 | |
| Physical functioning | −0.19 (−0.41, 0.04) | 0.1086 | |
| Role functioning | −0.23 (−0.49, 0.04) | 0.0964 | |
| Social functioning | −0.05 (−0.15, 0.05) | 0.3027 | |
| Cognitive functioning | −0.13 (−0.35, 0.09) | 0.2504 | |
| Pain | −0.20 (−0.39, 0.00) | 0.0548 | |
| Mental health | 0.21 (−0.40, −0.01) | 0.0370 | |
| Energy/Fatigue | −0.26 (−0.48, −0.05) | 0.0167 | |
| Social support | 0.04 (−0.02, 0.09) | 0.1674 | |
| HIV disclosure behaviours | −0.34 (−1.1, 0.41) | 0.3703 | |
| Fear of the consequences of HIV disclosure | 0.66 (0.12, 1.20) | 0.0164 | |
| Alcohol score | 0.03 (−0.01, 0.06) | 0.1170 | |
| Community beliefs: power imbalance and condom negotiation | −0.27 (−0.49, −0.05) | 0.0163 | |
| Community beliefs: relationship dynamics | 0.42 (0.19, 0.65) | 0.0004 | |
| Community Beliefs: Community negative beliefs about HIV | −0.14 (−0.56, 0.27) | 0.5014 | |
| Community Beliefs: Sexual immorality | −0.20 (−0.40, 0.01) | 0.0626 | |
| Personal beliefs: sexual practices | −0.44 (−0.69, −0.18) | 0.0008 | |
| Personal beliefs: partner concerns | 0.01 (−0.18, 0.20) | 0.9403 | |
| Personal beliefs: viral load beliefs | −0.12 (−0.54, 0.31) | 0.5861 | |
| Personal beliefs: dislike of condoms | 0.40 (−0.03, 0.82) | 0.0664 | |
| Adherence | −0.01 (−0.08, 0.05) | 0.6587 | |
| CESD | Mild to moderate depression versus Normal | 0.31 (−0.01, 0.62) | 0.0542 |
| CESD | Major depression versus normal | 1.21 (0.38, 2.04) | 0.0045 |
| Substance use | Yes versus no | −0.43 (−1.38, −0.26) | 0.0044 |
| Site | Brazil versus Thailand | 1.56 (0.86, 2.25) | <0.00 |
| Site | Zambia versus Thailand | −0.19 (−0.30, −0.08) | 0.0010 |
| Risk group | MSM versus HM | 2.02 (1.13, 2.90) | <0.00 |
| Risk group | HW versus HM | −0.18 (−0.39, 0.02) | 0.0747 |
| HIV transmission risk | Multivariable predictive model (backwards model selection, p) | ||
| Risk group within site | |||
| Brazil | MSM versus HM | 2.85 (1.45, 4.25) | <0.0001 |
| MSM versus HW | 3.37 (2.01, 4.74) | <0.0001 | |
| HM versus HW | 0.52 (0.28, 0.77) | <0.0001 | |
| Thailand | MSM versus HM | 0.10 (−0.27, 0.48) | 0.5924 |
| MSM versus HW | −0.00 (−0.45, 0.45) | 0.9979 | |
| HM versus HW | −0.10 (−0.25, 0.04) | 0.1572 | |
| Zambia | HM versus HW | −0.01 (−0.35, 0.33) | 0.9515 |
| Site within risk group | |||
| MSM | Thailand versus Brazil | −3.3 (−4.9, −1.78) | <0.0001 |
| HM | Thailand versus Brazil | −0.59 (−0.82, −0.36) | <0.0001 |
| Thailand versus Zambia | −0.09 (−0.42, 0.24) | 0.5954 | |
| Brazil versus Zambia | 0.50 (0.16, 0.84) | 0.0043 | |
| HW | Thailand versus Brazil | 0.04 (−0.17, 0.25) | 0.7211 |
| Thailand versus Zambia | 0.00 (−0.21, 0.22) | 0.9695 | |
| Brazil versus Zambia | −0.03 (−0.23, 0.17) | 0.7386 | |
| Energy/fatigue | −0.15 (−0.31, 0.02) | 0.0787 | |
| Personal beliefs | Dislike of condoms | 0.33 (−0.04, 0.70) | 0.0794 |
MSM=men who have sex with men; HW=heterosexual women; HM=heterosexual men; CESD=Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.
The bold values indicate variables that were statistically significant at p<0.05.