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. 2016 Sep 30;6:34180. doi: 10.1038/srep34180

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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(a) Reconstructed PSF from data obtained by the AWR compares well to the theoretical expected PSF with magnetic relaxation of a first-order Debye model. The calculation used the same value of τ (2.3 μs) validated in prior work³⁴. (b) The FWHM of reconstructed PSFs from AWR data (n = 3) closely matches (R² = 0.972) actual spatial resolution measured from MPI scanner images (3.5 T/m gradient 23 kHz)³⁴. This shows the AWR can accurately predict for MPI tracer imaging performance. (c) The AWR signal (PSF peak amplitude) is linear with Resovist iron mass with sensitivity of 13.1 μV/μg for sine wave and 8.3 μV/μg for triangular wave before amplification. Three experimental repeats were taken per data point (n = 3). We estimate the detection limit (SNR = 1) to be ~20 ng and ~30 ng respectively with 6.25 s total acquisition time (25 averages). The AWR is thus a sensitive and quantitative sensor for magnetic particles. The difference in sensitivity between sine and triangular wave is due to differences in the waveform velocity at the zero-crossing point.