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. 2016 Sep 30;6:34475. doi: 10.1038/srep34475

Figure 6. Bithionol acts as a broad-spectrum therapy.

Figure 6

(a) Bithionol reduces ricin mediated cellular killing. Human K562 cells were incubated with indicated doses of Bithionol for 2 hours, and then challenged with ricin for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by FSC/SSC flow cytometry. (b) Ten Swiss Webster CFW mice were treated with 6 mg/kg Bithionol in the presence or absence of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A complex (BoNT/A) by oral gavage. Animals were observed over 7 days. The Bithionol and BoNT/A survival curves are statistically different based on the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, P < 0.0001. (c) Bithionol does not inhibit proteolytic activity of BoNT/A. FRET data showing fluorescence emission from two reactions, where 5 nM BoNT/A light chain cleaves fluorescently labeled SNAP-25 substrate peptide without drugs or in the presence of 33 μM Bithionol. (d) The ability of Bithionol to inhibit Zika virus (ZIKV) in host Vero E6 cells and astrocytes was measured by fluorescent microscopy. The virus-inhibitory EC50 concentrations were determined.