Figure 7.

Constant current (a) 36 × 36 nm² (I = 0.58 nA, U = −400 mV) and (b) 100 × 100 nm² (I = 0.05 nA, U = −200 mV) STM images of (3,1)-GNRs on Cu(111). (c) GNR length distribution as obtained from large-scale images as in (b), showing a significant portion of GNRs to be longer than 40–50 nm and the average and median length values well above those of GNRs grown from 1 on Cu(111). The inset depicts a 10 × 10 nm² close-up view of the GNRs (I = 1 nA, U = −150 mV).