Figure 1.

(A) Thermodynamic scheme of a CE reaction initiated by different phosphines or phosphites (R₃P). Reproduced with permission from ref (114). Copyright 2015 John Wiley and Sons. (B) A small collection of multidentate ligands, commonly employed in organometallic chemistry. Each molecule has a different binding preference to metal cations, which may allow, in principle, for the modulation of the solvation energy of cations involved in CE reactions. Adapted with permission from ref (120). Copyright 2014 John Wiley and Sons.