. 2016 Jul 4;2(3):318–329. doi: 10.1002/osp4.50

Table 1.

Physiological parameters for 13‐week‐old rats in the four experimental groups

Parameter	CONT	MetS	EPA‐L	EPA‐H
Body weight (g)	364.3 ± 4.9	509.5 ± 8.1^*	518.1 ± 5.7^*	524.8 ± 6.1^*
Tibial length (mm)	37.6 ± 0.4	34.4 ± 0.2^*	34.3 ± 0.2^*	34.6 ± 0.2^*
Food intake (g d⁻¹)	18.6 ± 1.2	32.1 ± 1.4^*	32.2 ± 1.9^*	31.3 ± 1.3^*
SBP (mmHg)	136.4 ± 4.4	164.4 ± 5.4^*	156.9 ± 6.1^*	166.7 ± 5.4^*
Heart rate (beats/min)	410.9 ± 2.6	356.8 ± 13.5^*	345.6 ± 12.8^*	352.4 ± 11.7^*
Heart weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	29.9 ± 0.7	35.9 ± 8.9^*	37.2 ± 0.5^*	37.4 ± 1.1^*
LV weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	22.4 ± 0.6	27.9 ± 0.7^*	28.4 ± 0.5^*	28.8 ± 0.8^*
Liver weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	242.1 ± 6.7	526.7 ± 15.9^*	553.4 ± 13.6^*	570.3 ± 16.7^*
Kidney weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	63.4 ± 2.6	87.7 ± 4.2^*	89.7 ± 5.2^*	98.4 ± 3.2^*
Retroperitoneal fat weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	97.2 ± 5.1	482.1 ± 16.9^*	468.3 ± 9.9^*	442.4 ± 14.6^*†
Epididymal fat weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	112.8 ± 3.1	375.8 ± 13.4^*	354.2 ± 10.9^*	332.9 ± 9.3^*†
Inguinal fat weight/tibial length (mg mm⁻¹)	164.9 ± 9.8	1342.9 ± 43.7^*	1310.6 ± 34.8^*	1378.3 ± 23.2^*
Fasting serum glucose (mg dL⁻¹)	117.8 ± 3.9	128.8 ± 5.6	117.8 ± 3.1	139.1 ± 15.9
Fasting serum insulin (ng dL⁻¹)	0.81 ± 0.1	4.17 ± 1.2^*	3.79 ± 1.1^*	4.45 ± 1.5^*
HOMA‐IR	6.83 ± 0.76	60.4 ± 16.7^*	54.4 ± 5.91^*	76.9 ± 17.7^*
HOMA‐β	158.6 ± 21.2	867.6 ± 61.2^*	935.6 ± 196.0^*	1106.2 ± 167.5^*
Serum adiponectin (µg mL⁻¹)	4.9 ± 0.2	7.2 ± 1.1^*	8.7 ± 1.1^*†	8.6 ± 0.5^*†
Total cholesterol (mg dL⁻¹)	86.8 ± 3.4	278.6 ± 18.1^*	184.1 ± 6.4^*†	201.2 ± 23.7^*†
LDL‐cholesterol (mg dL⁻¹)	20.6 ± 0.9	60.6 ± 10.2^*	28.4 ± 5.8^†	34.3 ± 7.1^†
HDL‐cholesterol (mg dL⁻¹)	53.6 ± 2.1	147.6 ± 2.8^*	117.3 ± 4.9^*†	123.6 ± 4.1^*†
Triglyceride (mg dL⁻¹)	43.8 ± 6.9	685.6 ± 136.1^*	491.5 ± 111.1^*	611.2 ± 55.5^*

Data are means ± SEM (n = 10, 10, 11 and 11 for CONT, MetS, EPA‐L and EPA‐H groups, respectively).

P < 0.05 vs. CONT.

^†

P < 0.05 vs. MetS.

CONT, controls; EPA‐H, high‐dose eicosapentaenoic acid group; EPA‐L, low‐dose eicosapentaenoic acid group; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; HOMA‐β, homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function; HOMA‐IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; LV, left ventricular; MetS, metabolic syndrome; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SEM, standard error of the mean.