Table 1.

EAS Dimensions (adapted by Biringen, 2008).

Maternal scales
Sensitivity	Maternal ability to adequately respond to the child's cues during the interactions, and maternal positive affect. It includes the adult's positive affect, adequate perception of the child's emotions, acceptance of the child's behavior, flexibility, ability to handle conflicts, and awareness of timing.
Structuring	Maternal scaffolding capacity. It refers to the extent to which the adult is able to adequately guide the child during the interaction by taking care to follow the child's lead, setting limits for appropriate child behavior and/or misbehavior, establishing rules, and demanding compliance with rules. It takes into account both the provision of guidance, verbal and non-verbal, and the success of the adult's attempts.
Non-intrusiveness	Absence of over-directions, over-stimulations, interferences, or over protection in maternal behavior (i.e., commands, over-teaching, interferences with the child's play, verbal, or physical intrusion).
Non-hostility	Absence of covert or overt hostility towards the child. Hostile behavior includes verbal or physical aggressiveness like demeaning comments, impatience, boredom, critics, threats of separation, and introducing hostile play themes, or manipulating the child in a rough and violent way.
Child scales
Responsiveness	Child's positive affectivity and appropriate responsiveness to the adult. It considers also the child's age-appropriate autonomy-seeking behavior, appropriate physical proximity to the adult, absence of role-reversal, lack of avoidance, and interest in the task of the play.
Involvement	Child's ability to actively engage with and involve the adult during the interactions. It evaluates the child's simple and elaborative initiative and takes into account the child's emotional or instrumental use of the adult, the lack of over-involvement, and the child's eye contact, body positioning, and verbal involvement with the adult.