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Outline of reactivation assay to determine HIV-1 latency reversal kinetics. J89 cells were stimulated either with hTNF-α (10 ng/ml) at time points ranging from 1 h 30 min to 48 h or with RMD (5 nM) at time points ranging from 1 h 30 min to 36 h. As a control, unstimulated cells were used. The expression levels of viral mRNA, viral protein, and cell surface markers were quantified by using the PrimeFlow RNA assay.
