FIG. 6.

Vascular models to study stenosis and thrombosis in vitro. (A) Microfluidic model of stenosis to study the effect of drugs on occlusion. (B) Effect of drug epitifibatide concentration on dissolving clots over time. (C) Microfluidic stenosis model used to test shear-activated microparticle formulation. (D) Photograph of the microfluidic device. (E) Exposure of clots to free or encapsulated t-PA (shear-activated microparticles). (F–H) Time-dependent thrombolysis of clots upon exposure to encapsulated t-PA. (I) Microfluidic device to study thrombosis in vitro containing a flow region (Q1) and a collagen region where pressure gradient is varied (ΔP). (J, K) Thrombus formation on collagen and collagen/TF hydrogels (white arrow indicates flow direction). [(A, B) adapted with permission from Li et al.¹¹⁵; (C–H) adapted with permission from Korin et al.¹¹⁸; (I–K) adapted with permission from Muthard et al.¹¹⁶.] Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/aivt