FIG. 7.

Microfluidic model to study vascular permeability. (A) Photograph of microfluidic dual-channel model to study permeability under shear stress; (B) Schematic of the microfluidic device with the upper channel containing blood endothelial cells (BECs) and the lower channel containing lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), separated by a porous membrane. (C) Immunostaining for LECs marker podoplanin (green) and DAPI (blue). (D) Immunostaining with endothelial-specific marker claudin-5. (E) Changes in permeability induced by exposure to habu snake venom. Adapted with permission from Sato et al.¹²⁶ Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/aivt