Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of adults with and without ADHD in Europe and the US
| Germany (n1=100; n2=100) |
Northern Europe (n1=130; n2=149) |
UK (n1=101; n2=100) |
Europe (n1=331; n2=349) |
US (n1=100; n2=100) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | |||||
| ADHD | 38.7 (10.9) | 35.3 (11.5)* | 33.3 (9.5)* | 35.7 (10.9)* | 40.7 (12.5) |
| Non-ADHD | 41.8 (12.3) | 41.8 (13.5) | 40.4 (13.5) | 41.4 (13.1) | 41.4 (13.9) |
| Age at the first ADHD diagnosis, mean (SD) | |||||
| ADHD | 9.23 (9.31) | 6.78 (7.27) | 8.95 (7.90) | 8.18 (8.18) | 12.34 (9.56) |
| Non-ADHD | – | – | – | – | – |
| Male, % | |||||
| ADHD | 49.0 | 46.9 | 56.4 | 50.5 | 33.0* |
| Non-ADHD | 51.0 | 51.7 | 50.0 | 51.0 | 50.0 |
| Married/partner, % | |||||
| ADHD | 44.0* | 42.3* | 51.5* | 45.6* | 40.0 |
| Non-ADHD | 65.0 | 65.8 | 69.0 | 66.5 | 47.0 |
| College education, % | |||||
| ADHD | 26.0 | 36.9 | 51.5 | 38.1 | 52.0 |
| Non-ADHD | 21.0 | 39.6 | 41.0 | 34.7 | 52.0 |
| Employed, % | |||||
| ADHD | 55.0 | 42.3* | 72.3 | 55.3* | 62.0* |
| Non-ADHD | 64.0 | 66.4 | 61.0 | 64.2 | 78.0 |
| Self-reported good health, % | |||||
| ADHD | 48.0* | 48.5* | 68.3 | 54.4* | 74.0* |
| Non-ADHD | 77.0 | 76.5 | 77.0 | 76.8 | 91.0 |
| Current smoker, % | |||||
| ADHD | 47.0 | 45.4* | 53.5* | 48.3* | 24.0* |
| Non-ADHD | 38.0 | 25.5 | 24.0 | 28.7 | 13.0 |
| Ever alcoholism, % | |||||
| ADHD | 22.0* | 13.9* | 24.8* | 19.6* | 7.0 |
| Non-ADHD | 8.0 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.0 |
Notes:
*
Significant differences between ADHD and non-ADHD respondents with and without ADHD in each country/region (P<0.05). n1 and n2 represent the sample sizes of adults with and without ADHD, respectively, in each country.
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; SD, standard deviation.