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. 2014 Dec 5;2:197–213. doi: 10.2147/HP.S47598

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© 2014 Bishop and Ratcliffe. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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The principle of “range-finding” processes in the HIF hydroxylase system.

Notes: The relationship between the oxygen-dependent kinetics of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylation and overall biological output of HIF activation can be modulated by multiple mechanisms operating at different points in the HIF hydroxylase pathway. These “range-finding” mechanisms provide multiple means by which the biological output of the basic oxygen-sensitive signal provided by the HIF hydroxylases can be modulated to meet signaling requirements in the intact organism.

Abbreviations: VHL, von Hippel-Lindau; RNAs, ribonucleic acids; lncRNAs, long non-coding RNAs; miRNAs, microRNAs.