Skip to main content
. 2016 Sep 30;11(9):e0162135. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162135

Fig 1. Inclusion criteria and distribution of withdrawn, precautionary, and other drugs.

Fig 1

In total, 1041 drugs from the DrugBank with at least five identified genes involved in drug pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) were included in the study. A comprehensive list of withdrawn drugs (n = 154) was obtained by reviewing three resources: 1) the 8th, 10th, 12th, and 14th Issues of the ‘Consolidated List of Products Whose Consumption and/or Sale Have Been Banned, Withdrawn, Severely Restricted, or Not Approved by Governments: Pharmaceuticals’ published by the United Nations [18–21]; 2) applications for withdrawal from European Medicines Agency (EMA)[22]; and 3) the DrugBank annotations for withdrawals. Precautionary drugs (n = 165) were identified based on the Beers criteria [23] and US FDA table of pharmacogenomics biomarkers [11]. The remaining 752 drugs were classified as other drugs.