Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 30.
Published in final edited form as: Chemotherapy (Los Angel). 2016 May 30;5(3):204. doi: 10.4172/2167-7700.1000204

Table 1.

Comparison of murine models for human breast cancer research.

Summary of implantation sites used in murine mouse models
Model Description Advantages Limitations
Orthotopic Exogenous introduction of
genetic material to modify
the expression of
endogenous genes.
  • -

    Spontaneous tumor production

  • -

    Solitary lung metastases
  • -

    Differences between murine tumor biology and human diseases.
Tail vein Transplantation of human
tumour cell line into
immunocompromised mice.
  • -

    Rapid development of lung metastases
  • -

    Absence of primary tumor

  • -

    Diffuse lung metastases
Subcutaneo
us		 Transplantation of murine
tumour cells line into
immunocomponent mice.
  • -

    Homogenous cell line

  • -

    Intact tumor-host immune interaction

  • -

    Quality control of samples
  • -

    Murine cell line

  • -

    Murine tumor-host interaction