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. 2016 Oct 1;11:441. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1651-y

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 1 — The schematic diagram of oleate ligand removed from the surface of NaYF₄:Yb,Er NPs in the acidic ethanol (a) and the water-soluble new-UCNPs coupled with amino acid (b) in aqueous solution