Fig. 2.

Simplified overview of TRPC4/5 channels as potential therapeutic targets in cancer. a VEGF-activated TRPC1/4/5 channels allow non-selective cation entry. A modest rise in intracellular Ca²⁺ can lead to an increase in migration, proliferation and tubulogenesis of endothelial cells, leading to angiogenesis. b TRPC5 drives chemoresistance in breast cancer cells as it leads to up-regulation of p-glycoprotein (pgp) which acts to pump drugs from the cell. TRPC5 is expressed in extracellular vesicles (EVs), and a critical role of TRPC5-containing EVs is in the transfer of drug resistance to non-chemoresistant recipient cells. c (−)-Englerin A is a selective TRPC1/4/5 channel activator which causes influx of Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ into certain types of cancer cell, which then causes cell death