Figure 4.

The expression of regulatory cytokines in peritoneal M1‐ and M2‐polarized macrophages. (a) Total RNA was isolated from M1‐ and M2‐polarized macrophages stimulated without or with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then analysed by RT‐PCR to detect the anti‐inflammatory cytokines Tgfb and Il10. Cytokine mRNA expression levels were normalized to GAPDH. Data are representative of five independent experiments. Error bars represent SD. (b) M1‐ and M2‐polarized peritoneal macrophages (2 × 10⁶) were cultured for 24 hr without or with LPS. The culture supernatants were then analysed by ELISA to detect interleukin‐10 (IL‐10). Data are representative of five independent experiments. Error bars represent SD. *P < 0·05 (Student's t‐test).