Figure 5. Binding of TG family members to immobilized HS.

Recombinant human TGs were injected over a heparin-activated surface at a flow rate of 20 μl/min for 5 min and the response in resonance units (RU) was recorded as a function of time. (A,B) Binding of TG2 at 66, 100, 150, 222, 333 and 500 nM to heparin (50 RU immobilized) (A) and to HS (45 RU immobilized) (B). (C) Comparison of the heparin binding activity of TG1 (red), TG2 (blue), TG3 (green) and FXIIIa (orange), all at 300 nM. (D) The catalytically active human TGs were aligned using ClustalW and viewed in Jalview. Boxed residues in yellow and red correspond to amino acid residues important for heparin binding within TG2 according to Lortat-Jacob et al.²² and Wang et al.³⁹. Different shades of blue define the percentage of residues in each column that agree with the consensus sequence.