Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Variable | Health Sample | Mortality Sample |
|---|---|---|
| N=55,436 | N=143,775 | |
| Female (%) | 21.8 | 24.3 |
| Race (%) | ||
| White | 79.3 | 76.8 |
| Black | 11.7 | 12.2 |
| Hispanic | 6.6 | 7.7 |
| Other | 2.5 | 3.2 |
| Age in 2004 (mean ± SD) | 45.8±11.2 | N/A |
| Hourly employment status (%) | 66.1 | 62.6 |
| Wages (mean±SD, in USD) | 44,635±60,643 | 36,158±52,416 |
| Health score in 2004 (mean±SD) | 1.18±1.75 | N/A |
| Died (%) | N/A | 6.7 |
Note: Sample includes employees at Alcoa for whom we have administrative data and information on early life state-of-residence. Wages for health sample are from 2004. Wages for mortality sample are average wages during employee׳s tenure at Alcoa during 2002–2012. Wages were available for a restricted subset of the health sample (N=48,380) and mortality sample (N=93,646).