The sequence of the Simulium subgeneric standard [19] can be obtained by alphabetically ordering the fragments indicated by small letters (plus inverting IIIL-80 for S. congi); cs = cup and saucer marker. A. Simulium congi (female larva, Site 3), showing the IIIL-13,71,72,80 sequence. The sequence involves 2 coincident breakpoints. Hence, inverting IIIL-71 will create the e/h junction representing the distal break of IIIL-72; when IIIL-72 is then inverted, it creates the a/e junction representing the proximal break of IIIL-13. B. Simulium doipuiense ‘C’ (female larva, Site 3), showing the IIIL-11,13,79 sequence; section 100, however, is of Simulium doipuiense ‘D’ (female larvae, Site 6), showing heterozygous expression of IIIL-67. C. Simulium brevipar ‘B’ (male larva, Site 9), showing the IIIL-13,81,82 sequence and heterozygous expression of IIIL-83.