Table 1.

The 9-item MMAS to measure and evaluate adherence to IM.

NINE-ITEM MMAS
1. Do you sometimes forget to take medication?	Y/Na
2. People sometimes miss taking their medications for reasons other than forgetting. Thinking over the past 2 weeks, were there any days when you did not take your medicine?	Y/N
3. Have you ever cut back or stop taking your medication without telling your doctor, because you felt worse when you took it?	Y/N
4. When you travel or leave home, do you sometimes forget to bring along your medicine?	Y/N
5. Did you take your medicine yesterday?	Y/N
6. Do you have a special routine or reminder system to help you take your medications?	Y/N
7. Do you sometimes stop taking your medication if it feels like your disease is under control?	Y/N
8. Taking medication every day is a real inconvenience for some people. Do you ever feel hassled about sticking to your treatment plan?	Y/N
9. How often do you have difficulty remembering to take all of your medicines?	Scale 1–5b

Note:

^aQuestions 1–8 are answered by yes or no (Y/N). in questions 1–4, 7, and 8, the answer “yes” gives 0 point and “no” gives 1 point. In questions 5–6, the answer “yes” gives 1 point and “no” gives 0 point.

^bQuestion 9 is answered by “never/rarely” (5 points), “once in a while” (4 points), “sometimes” (3 points), “usually” (2 points), or “all the time” (1 point).