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. 2016 Sep 29;11:2409–2417. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S105156

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of TNFα neutralization on pro-inflammatory cytokine release from lung tissue.

Notes: The effect of pre-exposure to neutralizing TNFα IgG antibody (nTNFα IgG) and control IgG antibody (Isotype IgG) (both 1 μg/mL) on CCL5 (A) and IL-6 (B) release from whole tissue explants from COPD patients (n=6) that were either unstimulated (control) or stimulated with poly(I:C) (100 μg/mL) or R848 (10 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Data are presented as median with range (CCL5) or mean with SEM (IL-6). *, **Refer to significantly below untreated levels (P<0.05, 0.01, respectively). Results are in response to one way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-test (IL-6) and Friedman test with Dunn’s post-test (CCL5).

Abbreviations: TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IL-6, interleukin 6; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SEM, standard error of the mean; ANOVA, analysis of variance.