Figure 1. Behavioral tasks.

(A) A recorded rat staying in a small box while a demonstrator (Demo) running on a nearby linear track. (B) Daily experimental procedure: staying in the box before (Pre-box) and after (Post-box) running the track (Track). The Pre- and Post-box sessions were configured with various conditions (see Results). A shows the condition with a demo (Trained-demo or Naïve-demo). (C) Average percentage of time animals spent facing the opening side of the box under each box condition (F_(5,133) = 12, p=6.5 × 10^–10, comparing among all conditions one-way ANOVA; F_(4,119) = 1.4, p=0.23, comparing among the conditions other than Blocked-view). Number on top of each bar: number of sessions. (D) Animal’s head trajectory in an example rotation event in the box. Green/red dots: start/end positions, respectively. (E) Average number of rotation events per session under each box condition (F_(5,133) = 1.6, p=0.17, one-way ANOVA) and in Pre-box and Post-box sessions (t = 0.46, p=0.65, t-test). Number on top of each bar: number of sessions.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18022.002

Figure 1—figure supplement 1. Rotation events were accompanied by prominent theta, not ripple, oscillations.

(A) An example raw LFP trace within a rotation event. (B) Spectrogram of the LFP trace in (A). Power was computed at every 0.5 Hz and every 25 ms with a window size of 1 s. The power was re-scaled to between the max and min power values. Note the strong theta at ~8 Hz. (C) Average absolute (left) and normalized (right) power spectrum density (PSD) of raw LFPs within rotation events in Pre-box and Post-box sessions. The values in the normalized PSD were normalized by the total power within [0.5 400] Hz. Note the PSD peaks at theta range (~8 Hz) and the absence of peaks in ripple band (100–250 Hz).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18022.003