Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2016 May 17;124(10):1537–1546. doi: 10.1289/EHP134

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, “Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives”); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.

PMC Copyright notice

Acute in vivo nanoparticulate matter (nPM) exposure responses in olfactory bulb (OB): immunohistochemistry. CTL, control. (A) Immunostaining of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in OB. (B) 4-HNE and 3-NT did not change significantly (n = 8). Scale bar = 100 μm. (C) Representative immunostaining of Iba1-positive macrophages. (D) nPM exposure increased the number of microglia in the OB glomerular layer by 30%, but no increase was observed in the mitral or granule cell layers. (*, p < 0.05; t-test). (E) Representative images of ramified versus amoeboid microglia. Scale bar = 25 μm. nPM doubled the percentage of microglia without multiple processes; the total percent of activated microglia did not change. [*, p < 0.05; two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. (F) Immunostaining of astrocytes with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). (G) GFAP immunostained area by region was not altered by nPM exposure in any OB layer. Scale bar = 50 μm.