Table 3.
Total cases of diarrhea, total observations, and prevalence for each study by category.
| Category | Cases/observations (prevalence) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colombia | Bolivia | Zambia CS | Zambia RCT | Ethiopia | DR Congo | India | All studies | |
| Total | 281/2,441 (11.5%) | 23/592 (3.9%) | 163/1,236 (13.2%) | 222/6,671 (3.3%) | 128/1,500 (8.5%) | 187/3,690 (5.1%) | 6,800/156,357 (4.3%) | 7,804/164,683 (4.5%) |
| Age category | ||||||||
| < 5 | 130/501 (25.9%) | 16/114 (14.0%) | 83/372 (22.3%) | 167/2,045 (8.2%) | 28/194 (14.4%) | 87/624 (13.9%) | 2,616/26,446 (9.9%) | 3,127/30,296 (10.3%) |
| 5–15 | 85/822 (10.3%) | 4/205 (2.0%) | 25/306 (8.2%) | 19/1,721 (1.1%) | 35/533 (6.6%) | 29/1,214 (2.4%) | 901/26,733 (3.4%) | 1,098/31,534 (3.5%) |
| > 15 | 64/1,105 (5.8%) | 3/271 (1.1%) | 48/488 (9.8%) | 32/2,396 (1.3%) | 65/773 (8.4%) | 71/1,843 (3.9%) | 3,283/103,171 (3.2%) | 3,566/110,047 (3.2%) |
| TTC category | ||||||||
| < 1 | 41/590 (6.9%) | 11/345 (3.2%) | 44/341 (12.9%) | 41/2,111 (1.9%) | 11/219 (5.0%) | 37/1,053 (3.5%) | 384/9,749 (3.9%) | 569/14,408 (3.9%) |
| 1–10 | 24/342 (7.0%) | 1/50 (2.0%) | 8/97 (8.2%) | 23/986 (2.3%) | 9/69 (13.0%) | 14/430 (3.3%) | 70/1,901 (3.7%) | 149/3,875 (3.8%) |
| 11–100 | 74/602 (12.3%) | 5/97 (5.2%) | 14/148 (9.5%) | 39/1,232 (3.2%) | 24/370 (6.5%) | 20/265 (7.5%) | 211/5,466 (3.9%) | 387/8,180 (4.7%) |
| 101–1,000 | 54/452 (11.9%) | 4/51 (7.8%) | 55/401 (13.7%) | 68/1,314 (5.2%) | 39/383 (10.2%) | 76/1,394 (5.5%) | 299/7,159 (4.2%) | 595/11,154 (5.3%) |
| > 1,000 | — | — | 27/160 (16.9%) | 50/994 (5.0%) | 15/118 (12.7%) | 40/548 (7.3%) | 286/6,206 (4.6%) | 418/8,026 (5.2%) |
| p-Valuea | 0.002 | 0.321 | 0.206 | < 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 0.167 | < 0.001 |
| Season | ||||||||
| Dry | 74/398 (18.6%) | 23/592 (3.9%) | 16/174 (9.2%) | 128/3,378 (3.8%) | 128/1,453 (8.8%) | 62/1,818 (3.4%) | 776/22,023 (3.5%) | 1,207/29,836 (4.0%) |
| Rainy | 207/2,043 (10.1%) | — | 147/1,062 (13.8%) | 94/3,293 (2.9%) | 0/47 (0.0%) | 125/1,872 (6.7%) | 6,024/134,334 (4.5%) | 6,597/142,651 (4.6%) |
| p-Valuea | < 0.001 | — | 0.093 | 0.033 | 0.033 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Study arm | ||||||||
| Intervention | 157/1,525 (10.3%) | 12/392 (2.7%) | — | 94/3,467 (2.7%) | 67/741 (9.0%) | 87/1,782 (4.9%) | 3,332/77,033 (4.3%) | 3,749/84,940 (4.4%) |
| Control | 124/916 (13.5%) | 11/195 (5.6%) | — | 128/3,204 (4.0%) | 61/759 (8.0%) | 100/1,908 (5.2%) | 3,468/79,324 (4.4%) | 4,055/87,542 (4.6%) |
| p-Valuea | 0.019 | 0.13 | — | 0.003 | 0.486 | 0.619 | 0.652 | 0.029 |
| Abbreviations: CS, cross-sectional; RCT, randomized controlled trial. ap-Values for chi-square test of homogeneity. | ||||||||