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. 2016 Sep 12;5(9):e258. doi: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.59

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Copyright © 2016 The Author(s)

Oncogenesis is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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ARHGEF5 is required for tumor growth in mesenchymal-like cancer cells. (a) Expression of ARHGEF5 and the indicated EMT marker proteins in the indicated colorectal cancer cells was analyzed by western blotting. (b) ARHGEF5 in the indicated cells was stably knocked down by shRNA and the efficacy confirmed by western blotting. (c) Mock and ARHGEF5 KD HCT116 and HT29 cells were subjected to soft agar colony formation assays. Values represent the mean±s.d. (n=3; NS, not significant). (d) Mock and ARHGEF5 KD SW480 and SW620 cells were subjected to soft agar colony formation assays. Values represent the mean±s.d. (n=3, ***P<0.001, *P<0.05). (e) Mock and ARHGEF5 KD SW480 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice. Tumors generated 1 month after inoculation were excised and photographed. Tumors obtained from two independent experiments, Exp. 1 (n=4) and Exp. 2 (n=3), are shown. Scale bar: 2 cm.