Figure 1.

Estimated effect (adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI) of each covariate on the use of surgery vs. conservative management (A), radiation vs. conservative management (B), and surgery vs. radiation (C): Results of a multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis.

Older patients, patients who were not married, patients who had their survey completed by a proxy, and patients with any ADL dependencies were less likely to be treated with surgery (A) and radiation (B) compared to conservative management. In addition, patients living in the Central and West regions (compared to the Northeast) were less likely to be treated with radiation. Lastly, patients who were older or who had their surveys completed by proxies were less likely to be treated with surgery compared to radiation (C). Lastly, patients who were older or who had their surveys completed by proxies were less likely to be treated with surgery compared to radiation. Patients living in Central and West regions (compared to the Northeast) and patients with higher tumor grade were more likely to get surgery. There was no difference in the likelihood of surgery versus radiation based on ADL dependency.

Abbreviations: ADL; activities of daily living

* The effect of each covariate was adjusted for all other covariates in the model.