Table 3.

Standardized regression coefficients for covariates predicting depressive symptom severity and odds ratios for covariates predicting individual MADRS items.

Covariates
Outcome					Episode Status (ref=Euthymic)						BP Subtype (ref=BPI)
	Age	Sex (M=0)	Substance Dependence	Anxiety Disorder	MDE	ME	MIXE	HYPME	Age of BP Onset	Rapid Cycling	BPII	NOS	Other
Latent Trait (β)
Depressive Symptom Severity	−0.08	−0.07	0.02	0.13	0.46	0.04	0.20	0.02	−0.06	0.05	0.00	−0.01	−0.03
MADRS items (OR)
Apparent Sadness	1.02	1.59*	1.20	1.27	2.27*	0.84	1.27	0.54*	1.18	0.99	0.86	0.98	0.79
Reported Sadness	1.02	1.47*	1.26	0.84	2.74*	0.98	1.34	0.69	1.15	1.13	1.16	1.20	0.80
Inner Tension	1.00	1.24	1.17	1.55*	1.34	2.59*	1.87*	1.65	0.93	1.16	1.13	1.39	1.58
Reduced Sleep	1.01	1.24	1.03	1.32	1.20	3.72*	2.77*	3.13*	0.92	1.29	1.13	1.05	0.96
Reduced Appetite	1.00	1.25	1.29	1.23	1.28	1.81*	1.40	1.72	0.99	1.17	0.92	1.07	0.78
Concentration	1.01	1.56*	1.14	1.19	1.85*	1.69	2.42*	2.34*	0.97	1.12	1.08	1.15	1.00
Lassitude	1.01	1.72*	1.17	1.05	1.79*	0.39*	1.02	0.78	1.10	1.16	1.01	0.92	1.11
Inability to Feel	1.01	1.12	1.03	0.98	2.21*	0.64	1.66*	0.74	1.14	1.19	1.20	1.39	0.98
Pessimistic Thgts.	1.01	1.19	1.10	1.07	1.37	0.63	1.25	0.76	1.01	1.11	1.13	1.08	0.85
Suicidal Thoughts	1.01	1.17	1.15	1.16	1.69*	1.28	1.33	0.87	0.97	1.13	1.09	1.06	1.44

Note. Statistically significant (p < 0.01) coefficients are bolded. Statistically significant and clinically significant (i.e., estimated Cohen's D > 0.20) coefficients are starred. ref = reference group for a series of dummy coded covariates. BP = Bipolar. M = Male. MDE = Major Depressive Episode. ME = Manic Episode. MIXE = Mixed Episode. HYPME = Hypomanic Episode. Concentration = Concentration Difficulties. Thgts. = Thoughts.