Table 1. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection among rural individuals in Northern Iran according to sociodemographic characteristics (risk factors analysis by the Pearson's chi-square test).
| Characteristic | No. participants | No. of seropositives (%) | OR (95% CI) | p value |
| Age (years) | <0.001 | |||
| ≤10 | 18 | 8 (44.4) | 1.0 | |
| 11-20 | 60 | 36 (60.0) | 1.88 (0.65-5.43) | |
| 21-30 | 141 | 101 (71.6) | 3.16 (1.16-8.57) ** | |
| 31-40 | 124 | 91 (73.4) | 3.45 (1.25- 9.48) ** | |
| 41-50 | 112 | 93 (83.0) | 6.12 (2.14-17.53) ** | |
| 51-60 | 109 | 93 (85.3) | 7.27 (2.49-21.19) ** | |
| ≥61 | 66 | 55 (83.3) | 6.25 (2.01-19.40) ** | |
| Sex | 0.512 | |||
| Male | 203 | 157 (77.3) | 1.14 (0.77 -1.69) | |
| Female | 427 | 320 (74.9) | 0.88 (0.59- 1.30) | |
| Educational level | <0.001 | |||
| Illiterate | 158 | 132 (83.5) | 1.0 | |
| Primary school | 143 | 118 (82.5) | 0.93 (0.51-1.70) | |
| High school | 234 | 166 (70.9) | 0.48 (0.29 -0.80) ** | |
| College and higher | 95 | 61 (64.2) | 0.35 (0.20-0.64) ** | |
| Occupation | 0.010 | |||
| Farmer & shepherd | 57 | 46 (80.7) | 1.0 | |
| Housewife | 312 | 251 (80.4) | 0.98 (0.48 -2.01) | |
| Student | 99 | 70 (70.7) | 0.58 (0.26 -1.27) | |
| Government employee & other | 162 | 110 (67.9) | 0.51 (0.24 -1.06) | |
| Region | 0.992 | |||
| Dabodasht | 219 | 167 (76.3) | 1.0 | |
| Litkoh & Larijan | 208 | 157 (75.5) | 0.96 (0.62 -1.49) | |
| Dashtesar | 138 | 104 (75.4) | 0.95 (0.58-1.57) | |
| Larijan | 65 | 49 (75.4) | 0.95 (0.50 -1.81) | |
| Water supply | 0.009 | |||
| Treated | 272 | 192 (70.6) | 0.61 (0.43 -0.89) ** | |
| Untreated | 358 | 285 (79.6) | 1.63 (1.13 -2.35) ** | |
| Consumption of undercooked or raw meat | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 386 | 318 (82.4) | 2.50 (1.72 -3.62) ** | |
| No | 244 | 159 (65.2) | 0.40 (0.28-0.58) ** | |
| Consumption of raw unwashed vegetables or fruits | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 322 | 271 (84.2) | 2.63 (1.80 -3.85) ** | |
| No | 308 | 206 (66.9) | 0.38 (0.26 -0.56) ** | |
| Contact with cats | 0.182 | |||
| Yes | 226 | 178 (78.8) | 1.30 (0.88 -1.92) | |
| No | 404 | 299 (74.0) | 0.77 (0.52 -1.13) | |
| Contact with soil | 0.005 | |||
| Yes | 317 | 255 (80.4) | 1.69 (1.17 -2.44) ** | |
| No | 313 | 222 (70.9) | 0.59 (0.41 -0.86) ** | |
| Consumption of goat meat | 0.655 | |||
| Yes | 140 | 108 (77.1) | 1.11 (0.71 -1.73) | |
| No | 490 | 369 (75.3) | 0.90 (0.58 -1.41) | |
| Consumption of sheep meat | 0.015 | |||
| Yes | 540 | 418 (77.4) | 1.80 (1.11 -2.91) ** | |
| No | 90 | 59 (65.5) | 0.55 (0.34 -0.90) ** | |
| Consumption of cow meat | 0.663 | |||
| Yes | 429 | 327 (76.2) | 1.09 (0.74 -1.61) | |
| No | 201 | 150 (74.6) | 0.92 (0.62- 1.35) | |
| Consumption of poultry meat | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 564 | 438 (77.7) | 2.41 (1.42 -4.09) ** | |
| No | 66 | 39 (59.1) | 0.42 (0.24 -0.71) ** |
*
*95% confidence interval does not include 1.