Table 2. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection among rural individuals in Northern Iran according to sociodemographic characteristics (estimated by a full logistic regression model).
Characteristic | No. of participants | OR | 95% CI | p value |
Age (years) | ||||
≤10 | 18 | 1.00* | 1.0 | |
11-20 | 60 | 3.04 | (0.90- 10.23) | 0.73 |
21-30 | 141 | 11.35** | (3.19- 40.34) | <0.001 |
31-40 | 124 | 13.31** | (3.62- 48.97) | <0.001 |
41-50 | 112 | 14.04** | (4.02- 49.00) | <0.001 |
51-60 | 109 | 17.80** | (4.89- 64.76) | <0.001 |
≥61 | 66 | 11.71** | (2.86- 48.00) | <0.001 |
Educational level | ||||
Illiterate | 158 | 1.00* | 1.0 | |
Primary school | 143 | 1.25 | (0.57- 2.78) | 0.577 |
High school | 234 | 0.67 | (0.30- 1.49) | 0.326 |
College and higher | 95 | 0.44 | (0.16- 1.17) | 0,099 |
Occupation | ||||
Farmer & shepherd | 57 | 1.00* | 1.0 | |
Housewife | 312 | 1.51 | (0.65- 3.49) | 0.337 |
Student | 99 | 3.28** | (1.13- 9.53) | 0.029 |
Government employee & other | 162 | 1.05 | (0.42- 2.62) | 0.915 |
Water supply | 0.497 | |||
Treated | 272 | 1.17 | (0.75- 1.81) | |
Untreated | 358 | 1.00* | ||
Consumption of undercooked or raw meat | 0.004 | |||
Yes | 386 | 0.52** | (0.33- 0.81) | |
No | 244 | 1.00* | ||
Consumption of raw unwashed vegetables or fruits | 0.005 | |||
Yes | 322 | 0.53** | (0.34- 0.82) | |
No | 308 | 1.00* | ||
Contact with soil | 0.119 | |||
Yes | 317 | 0.72 | (0.48- 1.09) | |
No | 313 | 1.00* | ||
Consumption of sheep meat | 0.218 | |||
Yes | 540 (84) | 0.71 | (0.42- 1.22) | |
No | 90 (16) | 1.00* | ||
Consumption of poultry meat | 0.889 | |||
Yes | 564 (89.5) | 0.96 | (0.51- 1.80) | |
No | 66 (10.4) | 1.00* |
* Reference. ** 95% confidence interval does not include 1.