Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Variables
| Nonresponders (n = 40) | Responders (n = 40) | Healthy Controls (n = 46) | F/ χ2 (*P < .05) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis (%) | — | χ2 = 3.6 (df = 4) | ||
| Schizophrenia | 64 | 55 | ||
| Schizoaffective disorder | 8 | 8 | ||
| Bipolar disorder | 10 | 18 | ||
| Depressive disorder | 15 | 13 | ||
| Other | 3 | 5 | ||
| Diagnostic groups (Affective/ Nonaffective) | 11/29 | 13/27 | — | χ2 = 0.24 (df = 1) |
| Age in years (SD) | 28.1 (7.9) | 28.0 (8.2) | 24.7 (5.6) | F = 3.17* (2,123) |
| Gender (females/males) | 10/30 | 12/28 | 21/25 | χ2 = 4.5 (df = 2) |
| Education in years (SD) | 13 (3.6) | 13.4 (3.8) | 14.7 (3.2) | F = 2.1 (2,91) |
| IQ (NART, SD) | 93 (11) | 90 (11) | 95 (9) | F = 2.0 (2,94) |
| Handedness (left/right) | 2/38 | 3/37 | 7/39 | χ2 = 2.2 (df = 2) |
| Intracranial volume in cm3 (SD) | 1724 (212.8) | 1753 (213.6) | 1728 (189.4) | F = 0.24 (2,124) |
| Baseline PANSS score (SD) | ||||
| Total | 62.6 (13.4) | 55.6 (12.5) | — | F = 6.38* (1,72) |
| Positive | 16.1 (6.7) | 13.4 (4.6) | — | F = 4.18* (1,72) |
| Negative | 16.6 (6.3) | 14.3 (5.8) | — | F = 2.85 (1,72) |
| No. of days on treatment at the time of scan (SD) | 38.0 (28.1) | 42.6 (32.7) | — | F = 0.43 (1,74) |
| No. of treatment naïve subjects at the time of scan (Affective/nonaffective) | 1/6 | 2/6 | χ2 = 0.08 (df = 1) | |
| Average dose in chlorpromazine equivalents at the time of scan (SD) | 244.9 (167.3) | 223.1 (136.4) | — | F = 0.34 (1,67) |
| Median DUP in weeks (25th; 75th percentiles)a,b | 9 (3;74) | 6 (1;24) | — | Z = −1.52 (df = 61) |
| Median time in weeks between contact with services and the scan (25th; 75th percentiles)a,b | 5 (2;8) | 5 (3;10) | — | Z = −0.41 (df = 61) |
| Median DOI in weeks at the time of scan (25th; 75th percentiles)a,b | 18 (7;81) | 13 (5;26) | — | Z = −1.83 (df = 61) |
Note: NART, National Adult Reading Test; PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale; DUP, duration of untreated psychosis; DOI, total duration of illness (both treated + untreated).
aBased on 63 patients and 29 healthy controls.
bMann-Whitney U tests.
*Group differences significant at P < .05.