Table 2.
Health and Economic Outcomes of Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategies in Hong Kong for Base Case Scenario
| Cumulative 10 years |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Vaccination | PCV10 vs. No Vaccination | PCV13 vs. No vaccination | PCV13 vs. PCV10 | |
| Pneumococcal Cases | ||||
| IPD | 1,838 | (125) | (654) | (529) |
| Pneumonia | ||||
| Hospitalized | 834,017 | (2,461) | (70,083) | (67,622) |
| Non-hospitalized | 3,004,594 | (21,528) | (126,091) | (104,563) |
| All pneumonia | 3,838,611 | (23,989) | (196,174) | (172,185) |
| AOM | 596,848 | (18,293) | (56,020) | (37,727) |
| Pneumococcal Deaths | ||||
| IPD | 424 | (7) | (136) | (129) |
| Pneumonia, hospitalized | 33582 | (5) | (2,564) | (2,559) |
| Total deaths | 34,006 | (12) | (2,700) | (2,688) |
| Composite Measures | ||||
| Life Years (LY) Saved | n.a. | 242 | 26,529 | 26,287 |
| QALYs Saved | n.a. | 443 | 22,089 | 21,646 |
| Costs | ||||
| Direct medical excluding vaccination | $3,197,275,209 | $(14,847,921) | $(255,192,931) | $(240,345,010) |
| Vaccination program** | n.a. | $ 35,594,376 | $ 56,744,757 | $ 21,150,381 |
| Non-medical | $402,682,892 | $ (2,617,558) | $ (28,283,056) | $ (25,665,498) |
| Net Total Cost Perspective | ||||
| Payer (net medical) | $3,197,275,209 | $ 20,746,455 | $(198,448,174) | $(219,194,629) |
| Societal | $3,599,958,101 | $ 18,128,897 | $(226,731,230) | $(244,860,127) |
| Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios | ||||
| Cost/ LY Gained | ||||
| Payer perspective | n.a. | $ 85,729 | $ (7,480) | $ (8,339) |
| Societal perspective | n.a. | $ 74,913 | $ (8,547) | $ (9,315) |
| Cost/QALY Gained | ||||
| Payer perspective | n.a. | $ 46,832 | $ (8,984) | $ (10,126) |
| Societal perspective | n.a. | $ 40,923 | $ (10,264) | $ (11,312) |
Notes. Abbreviations: n.a., not applicable. Base Case scenario assumes direct effect of PCV10 and PCV13 adjusted by serotype coverage and herd effect for PCV13 only. All monetary values are in US dollars.
*
PCV10 and PCV13 vaccine per dose cost were assumed to be US$25 and $41 per dose respectively). Numbers in parenthesis ( ) are either health outcomes averted or cost savings. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios with numbers in parenthesis ( ) means cost-savings, i.e., more net health benefits and lower net cost than the comparing vaccination strategy. Societal perspective includes net medical costs.