Table 2.
A summary of reported risk factors (percentage) among pilgrims in reference to pneumococcal infection
| Country [reference] | % smoker | % Pulmonary | Diabetes Mellitus | Age > 65 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multiple countries [10] | 6.8 | 15.3 | ||
| Saudi Arabia [12] | 2.1 | 10.3 | ||
| Multiple countries [16] | 93.4 | |||
| USA [17] | 10.8 | |||
| Saudi Arabia [18] | 11.6 | |||
| Iranian [29] | 2.4–2.9 | |||
| UK [31] | 15.3 | 8.9 | ||
| UK and Saudi Arabia [32] | 4 | 10.7 | 8 | |
| UK and Saudi Arabia [32] | 3.6 | 3.6 | ||
| UK [33] | 3.5 | 7.8 | 7.1 | |
| France [39] | 32.6 | |||
| France [39] | 34.7 | |||
| France [40] | 5.5 | 23.7 | 26.3 | |
| Singapore [41] | 8.8 | |||
| The Netherlands [42] | 19.5 | |||
| Iran [43] | 1.6 | 2.4 | ||
| Australia [44] | 9-Feb | 6.4–11.5 | ||
| UK [45] | 5.1 |