Table 1.

Maternal characteristics and birth outcomes by diabetes status^a, Florida, 2004–2008, %.

	No diabetes (N = 637,430)	Preexisting diabetes mellitus (N = 4427)	P-value
Overall %	99.3	0.7
Age			<0.0001
20–29	60.6	43.4
30–39	36.6	50.8
40+	2.7	5.8
Education			<0.0001
<12	12.9	14.4
12	30.9	32.8
>12	55.9	52.5
Race/ethnicity			<0.0001
Non-Hispanic White	52.6	46.1
Non-Hispanic Black	19.6	28.8
Hispanic	25.1	21.8
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.7	3.3
WIC status			<0.0001
Yes	40.1	49.5
No	59.0	50.1
Insurance status			<0.0001
Medicaid	40.8	43.3
Private insurance	51.6	51.7
Self-pay	5.8	3.5
Other	1.6	1.2
Parity			<0.0001
0	38.1	33.8
1	34.7	34.1
2+	26.8	31.8
Smoking during pregnancy	7.6	7.7	0.5825
Nativity			<0.0001
U.S.	73.1	75.8
Foreign	27.0	24.2
BMI			<0.0001
<18.5	4.9	1.2
18.5–24.9	52.0	23.5
25.0–29.9	24.0	22.4
30.0–34.9	11.3	21.4
35.0–39.9	4.8	14.8
≥40.0	3.0	16.7
Gestational weight gain			<0.0001
Inadequate	17.2	18.4
Appropriate	31.6	27.5
Excess	51.2	54.1
LGA >90th percentile	9.4	28.8	<0.0001
Macrosomia 4500 g	0.9	5.8	<0.0001

^aIncluded only mothers 20 years or older with a full-term (37–41 weeks) live, singleton birth.