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. 2016 Sep 21;2016:8058093. doi: 10.1155/2016/8058093

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Stressful events are something that happened unexpectedly. Every stimulus has the hedonic value (horizontal dimension), which fits into our personal needs (pleasant things, needed things, or disliked things or unpleasant things). And it can happen in an expected way, or unexpected ways (vertical dimension), which are called safety value.