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. 2016 Sep 21;2016:8058093. doi: 10.1155/2016/8058093

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Emotions are due to the hedonic value of the things (physiological needs) and also the way things occur (safety needs). The way everything occurs not only induces stressful emotions but also affects the tension of hedonic emotions. The neurotransmitters for these emotions are dopamine (a pleasant marker) and serotonin (unpleasant marker). NE is surprise marker, while Ach is a marker for anticipation. NE is well known for fight (anger) or flight (fear) behaviors.