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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):539–544. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9378

Fig. 2. Exposure to a microbiota during early life regulates IgE levels in serum of adult mice and their sensitivity to orally induced anaphylaxis.

Fig. 2

IgE accumulates in the serum of GF mice 4 weeks after birth because of an isotype switch to IgE in mucosal B cells. “Hyper-IgE levels” lead to an exaggerated sensitivity to orally induced anaphylaxis that can be resolved through conventionalization with a standard microbiota during early life but not thereafter. Colonization of GF mice with low-diversity microbiota during the window of opportunity fails to normalize hyper-IgE levels in adult life.